Anthropometry, Heart Rate Variability, and Maternal Nutrition
Exploring Full-Term Infant Development and Public Health Implications
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v22i04.59309Keywords:
Infant development, Heart Rate Variability, Neonatal anthropometry, Maternal dietAbstract
This study examined the influence of socioeconomic factors, maternal diet, and heart rate variability (HRV) on the development of full-term newborns (NBs) during their first four months. Data were collected from 49 mother-infant pairs in a maternity hospital in northern Brazil. Infant anthropometric measurements (weight, length, and head circumference) and HRV parameters were assessed at birth, 30, 60, and 120 days. Maternal diet was categorized into protein, carbohydrate, and fruit intake, along with socioeconomic and parental characteristics. Results showed consistent growth across all anthropometric parameters, with differences between boys and girls. HRV analysis indicated autonomic nervous system maturation, with significant changes in linear and nonlinear parameters, especially at 120 days. Maternal diet did not significantly affect infant growth, but trends in red meat and fish consumption reflected regional socioeconomic patterns. These findings highlight the need for policies supporting maternal nutrition and socioeconomic conditions during pregnancy and early childhood, promoting healthier growth and long-term well-being in vulnerable populations.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Marina Chahini Cardoso, Mayara Marina Cardoso da Silva, Carla Roberta Tim, Livia Assis, Laurita dos Santos
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