Assessment of Leachate Contamination Levels through LPI and Prioritization of Landfill Sites Using TOPSIS Method

Abstract

Leachate is the term used to describe the hazardous liquid substances that leak into the ground from municipal solid waste in a landfill. As a result, leachate contains many offensive substances from the material it has come through. The four main constituent types of leachates— dissolved organic substances, inorganic constituents, toxic metals, and xenobiotic organic pollutants—are the most dangerous by-products. The leachate volume and treatment cost are analyzed in this study using mathematical formulas. The rational method and the standard method are used to calculate the leachate generation rates, such as volume and amount. The Leachate Pollution Index, which is employed to evaluate the possibility of pollution from landfill leachate, is used in this study. Analysis was done on the landfill’s leachate quality. For the Leachate Pollution Index, the following factors were taken into account: pH, Cl, Cr, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cu, and Fe. Okhla, Ghazipur, Hyderabad, Gurgaon, Kadapa, Narela-Bawana, and Ariyamangalam were the seven used landfills. The landfills are ranked using the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution method, which takes into account the leachate pollution index parameters, leachate generation rate, and leachate treatment cost. Ariyamangalam ranked first with a relative closeness value 1. Sensitivity analysis was carried out, showing consistent results without affecting the ranks. The findings demonstrate that a landfill site with a higher relative closeness performs better overall, with lower treatment costs, a lower generation rate, and a lower potential for pollution. For sustainable waste management techniques, locations with a higher relative closeness score are therefore more advantageous from an economic and environmental perspective.