Effects of Social Media Use on Adolescent Psychological Well-Being: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

This study aims to explore the intricate relationship between social media use and the overall well-being (WB) of young people. Previous research has presented conflicting findings, indicating both positive and negative effects of online platforms. Issues such as excessive use, reduced face-to-face interactions, social isolation, heightened stress levels, and disrupted sleep patterns have been identified as potential concerns. However, studies have also highlighted that moderate and mindful use of social media can enhance WB by facilitating social connections and support. It is crucial to consider the vulnerabilities of young individuals when examining this complex topic and provide them with age-appropriate guidance. This research project aims to address gaps in the existing literature and inform strategies for promoting positive online experiences and safeguarding the WB of young people by investigating the association between social media use and affective WB. The review process involved systematically searching for relevant research and evaluating its quality and relevance. The analysis encompassed 111 articles and reviews published between 2013 and 2023. The dataset comprised articles with an average age of 2.76 years and an average of 40.45 citations per article, sourced from 78 journals and other publications. Several variables were examined, including authors, publishers, affiliations, countries, and keywords used in the research articles. The discourse surrounding the benefits and drawbacks of social media use was found to be ongoing. Concerns were raised regarding the potential negative consequences of excessive use, including diminished face-to-face interactions, social isolation, increased stress levels, and sleep disturbances. However, it was also observed that moderate and mindful social media use could positively impact WB by promoting social support and connection. Given the complex nature of the relationship between social media use and WB, it is important to acknowledge the vulnerabilities of young people and provide appropriate assistance and guidance tailored to their age group.