Bridging Tacit Knowledge and Explicit Knowledge: An Ontological Model for Effective Knowledge Conversion

Abstract

Knowledge management (KM) involves a structured approach to creating, sharing, utilizing, and organizing knowledge and information within an organization, aiming to enhance its efficiency, productivity, and competitive advantage. A core element of KM is the distinction between tacit and explicit knowledge (EK). Tacit knowledge (TK) refers to personal insights and skills that are difficult to articulate or transfer, as they are deeply embedded in individual experiences. In contrast, EK consists of information that can be easily documented, communicated, and shared. The process of converting TK into EK is essential for fostering innovation and organizational growth, particularly in today’s fast-paced business environment. By translating TK into a more formal, shareable format, it becomes easier for others to access and apply valuable insights. However, capturing TK presents challenges because it is subjective and linked to personal experience. The practice of externalization involves developing creative methods to articulate and share this kind of knowledge, making it accessible and actionable for others. This paper introduces a model for representing TK and outlines strategies for transforming it into explicit forms. It also discusses techniques for effectively capturing this valuable expertise, which is crucial for making informed decisions. Converting TK into EK ensures that organizations can preserve and utilize critical insights across different roles and functions.