Achievement Goal Motivation Influences Self-Efficacy in AI-Supported Collaborative Programming: Mediating Roles of Growth Mindset and Mastery Experience

Wen-Shyong Tzou; Chia-Hsiang Ma; Yu-chu Yeh; Melissa T. A. Simarmata

doi:10.3991/ijep.v16i5.62296

Authors

Wen-Shyong Tzou National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6726-1390
Chia-Hsiang Ma National Chengchi University, Taipei City, Taiwan https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6263-1188
Yu-chu Yeh National Chengchi University, Taipei City, Taiwan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0470-0368
Melissa T. A. Simarmata National Chengchi University, Taipei City, Taiwan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4370-1440

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3991/ijep.v16i5.62296

Keywords:

achievement goals, growth mindset, mastery experience, self-efficacy, programming

Abstract

This study designed an AI-integrated collaborative problem-based learning (CPBL) course aimed to bolster programming self-efficacy among undergraduate and to elucidate the underlying psychological mechanisms that drive self-efficacy. A total of 179 Taiwanese undergraduates participated in an 18-week intervention that integrated AI toolkits, CPBL frameworks, and instructional scaffolding to facilitate interdisciplinary application. To achieve our goals, two instruments were developed to measure programming-specific achievement goals and mindsets. The results indicated that the AI-supported CPBL environment effectively fostered a growth mindset, mastery experiences, and self-efficacy in programming. Mediation model analysis revealed that growth mindset and mastery experience functioned as dual mediators linking achievement goal orientation to self-efficacy. Notably, mastery goals exerted a markedly stronger influence on self-efficacy compared to performance goals. The findings highlight the necessity of prioritizing mastery-oriented pedagogy in the design of AI-integrated programming curricula.

Author Biography

Wen-Shyong Tzou, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan

Wen-Shyong Tzou is a Professor in the Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology at National Taiwan Ocean University. His research interests include translational genomics, computational protein structure modeling, bioinformatics, and generative AI–driven protein design, integrating nature-inspired algorithms to advance biomolecular engineering.

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