Impact and Opportunities of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Study of Academic Perceptions

Abstract

This study evaluates the impact, adoption and perceptions of “Generative Artificial Intelligence” among professors in a higher education environment. The aim is to understand how these tools can enrich teaching and learning. Through a descriptive analysis of a questionnaire distributed to a sample of 71 professors focused on higher education, both the advantages and disadvantages of this technology were examined by formulating two key hypotheses: (1) the use of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) increases understanding of its benefits over potential barriers, and (2) the experience with the use of GAI increases willingness towards its integration into educational practice. The analysis, based on “R” software, supports the first hypothesis by observing that professors consistently perceive more advantages than disadvantages when using the tool. However, the second hypothesis is rejected since a decrease in the intention to use GAI over time was detected. This result suggests that, despite recognising the advantages, some professors are still not fully convinced or prepared to adopt this technology in their daily teaching activities.